Responsibility

The Dorsch Dictionary of Psychology does not define the term responsibility without the word "social". In the team context, we are primarily concerned with responsibility in relation to other people, which is why the definition of social responsibility is considered an important part of the construct. Social responsibility has both the aspect of supporting the welfare of others and pursuing one's own goals without harming others in the process (Bierhoff, 2020).

Bierhoff, H. (2020, October 29). soziale Verantwortung. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/soziale-verantwortung

Personality

Personality is understood as the totality of all temporally stable characteristics that can be used to describe a person's experience and behavior (Asendorpf, 2020).

Asendorpf, J. (2020, September 03). Persönlichkeit. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/persoenlichkeit

Ways of Working

According to the Duden dictionary, working methods are the way of working, the method of working. Components of a person's working methods are, for example, the desired way of interacting, the preferred focus working hours and the skills of a person.

https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Arbeitsweise

Motivation

The term "motivation" means movere in Latin, to move. Motivation describes processes that involve setting and evaluating goals (Achtziger, 2020).

Achtziger, A., Gollwitzer, P., Bergius , R., & Schmalt, H., & (2020, October 29). Motivation. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/motivation<br>

Role

Derived from the French word "rôle," which refers to the role of an actor in theater, Driskell, Driskell, Burke & Salas (2017) define the role a team member takes on as an internalized, enduring repertoire of behaviors. Roles are important in teams because they represent patterns of behavior associated with the activities of other team members in pursuit of the team goal. Because performing a role is associated with a particular pattern of behavior-and behavior in a social context always affects those around us-the role one team member performs has an impact on other team members.

For example, a person joins a new team. She is used to making decisions as it suits her personality, and moreover, she also made the decisions in her old team. Now that role is already filled on the new team. The new team member can now either choose a different role that fits the personality or compete with the other team member for that role - a conflict can arise.

A team constellation in which multiple team members try to take on the same role can reduce the effectiveness of the team by leading to inefficiency and conflict. On the other hand, a team is more likely to be successful if every role is filled. In either case, role allocation has an impact on the team's behavior and thus on the achievement of the team's goal (Driskell et al., 2017). This shows the importance of first being clear about the roles in a team and second assigning them according to each individual's personality. soft.fact does this by using a model that assigns core role tendencies and links personality and roles.

Driskell, T., Driskell, J., Burke, C., Salas, E. (2017). Team Roles: A Review and Integration. Sage Publications

Mindfulness

Mindfulness is a translation of the Pali term sati, which refers to the mind's ability to stay with something and be present with attention (Walach, 2020).

Walach, H. (2020, October 29). Achtsamkeit. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/achtsamkeit

Self-efficacy

Efficacy beliefs or self-efficacy beliefs serve to assess one's own possibility of being able to realize measures to cause consequences. Accordingly, self-efficacy expectancy is the generalized conviction or specific expectation of achieving desired results with one's own behavior (Heinecke-Müller, 2020).

Heinecke-Müller, M. (2020, October 29). Wirksamkeitsüberzeugungen, Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugungen. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/wirksamkeitsueberzeugungen-selbstwirksamkeitsueberzeugungen

Emotional intelligence

Emotional intelligence is understood as the multidimensional ability to recognise feelings, to deal with and use feelings and to express feelings appropriately (Rindermann, 2020).

Rindermann, H. (2020, October 29). Intelligenz, emotionale. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/intelligenz-emotionale

Values

A value describes what a person considers desirable and worthwhile for himself and others (Kluckhohn, 1951). Values guide people's behavior and form the basis of decisions (Frey, 2016).

Kluckhohn, C. (1951). Values and value orientations in the theory of action. In T. Parsons, & F. A. Shields (Eds.), Toward a general theory of action (pp. 388-433). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.



Frey, D. (2016). Psychology of values. Springer Verlag: Berlin Heidelberg

Trust

According to the Duden dictionary, trust is a firm conviction of the reliability of a person or thing. Trust is defined in many different ways, but the definitions have in common that trust is an advance performance of the person(s) trusting associated with a positive expectation of the future. Trust implies taking individual or collective risks, as trust can be linked to negative consequences (Clases, 2020).

Clases, C. (2020, October 29). Vertrauen. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/vertrauen

https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Vertrauen

Learning

Learning potential describes a competence that is not only about the ability to learn, i.e., the ability to learn, but also about the will to learn, i.e., the motivation to learn (Sarges, 2020).

Sarges, W. (2020, October 29). Lernpotenzial. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/lernpotenzial

Resilience

Resilience describes an individual's ability to thrive despite adverse and critical life events (Warner, 2020).

Warner, L. (2020, October 29). Resilience. In Dorsch Encyclopedia of Psychology. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/resilienz

Motives

A motive is considered to be the latent evaluative disposition for goals and situation characteristics that lead to the expectation of goal achievement or goal failure. Motives refer to content classes of goals. Motives can be understood as organism-side determinants of motivation and thus as internal causes of behavior (Puca, 2019).

Puca, R. (2021, January 12). Motiv. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/motiv

Communication

Communication refers to a process in which an individual or group conveys information about ideas, feelings, and intentions to another individual or group. Communication goes beyond the mere transmission of a message; in addition to the exchange of information, motivational, emotional and social aspects are significant (Bierhoff, 2021).

Bierhoff, H. (2021, October 29). soziale Verantwortung. In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/soziale-verantwortung

Proactivity

Proactivity can be understood as a trait that includes identifying and acting on opportunities. Also characteristic of proactive behavior is showing initiative and taking action and maintaining action until meaningful change occurs (Crant, 1995).

Crant, M. (1995). The Proactive Personality Scale and Objective Job Performance Among Real Estate Agents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(4), 532-537.

Performance

The Dorsch Lexicon of Psychology defines performance as the value created by the expenditure of energy. Psychologically, performance is the use of a person's available abilities as well as their result. The term "collective intelligence" is also closely intertwined with team performance and is described in a study by the Boston Consulting Group and Awaris as "a groups ability to perform the wide variety of tasks required to reach a goal" (Greiser et al., 2020).

Performance (2020, October 29). In Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie. Retrieved from: https://dorsch.hogrefe.com/stichwort/leistung

Greiser, C., Martini, J., Stephan, L., Tamdjidi, C. (2020) Tap Your Company's Collective Intelligence With Mindfulness. Boston Consulting Group x Awaris

Team roles of soft.fact

Driskell et al. postulate that the models of a variety of researchers simply use different labels for similar role dimensions. For this reason, they developed the TRIAD (Tracking Roles In and Across Domains) model, which describes three primary behavioral dimensions underlying team role behavior: Dominance, Sociability, and Task Orientation.

a diagram of a 3d scatter plot
Figure 2. Three-dimensional scatterplot of the 13 role clusters. Note: SOC = sociability; TASK = task orientation; DOM = dominance. Derived from Driskell, T., Driskell, J., Burke, C., Salas, E. (2017). Team Roles: a review and integration. Sage Publications

Based on this model, Driskell et al. conducted a cluster analysis of 154 team roles described in previous research. On this basis, they identified 13 primary team role clusters: Team Leader, Task Completer, Problem Solver, Evaluator, Teamwork Supporter, Follower, Coordinator, Social, Task Motivator, Critic, Attention Seeker, Power Seeker, Passive. These role dimensions are referred to as core roles. 10 of the 13 core roles are considered social roles (Team Leader, Task Completer, Problem Solver, Evaluator, Teamwork Supporter, Follower, Coordinator, Social, Task Motivator, Critic), 3 are considered antisocial roles (Attention Seeker, Power Seeker, Passive). The distinction is based on the positive or negative impact the role has on the functionality of the team.

Job satisfaction

The Dorsch Dictionary of Psychology defines job satisfaction as a positive emotional state resulting from one's evaluation of one's job or experiences in one's job (Locke, 1976).

Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In M. D. Dunnette, Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 1297-1349). Chicago: Rand McNally.

Big 5

The Big 5 are a taxonomy of five basic personality dimensions: Neuroticism or Reversed Emotional Stability (tendency to be anxious and nervous), Extraversion (tendency to be sociable, dominant, and cheerful), Openness (tendency to be preoccupied with deep and fine subjects), Agreeableness (tendency to be friendly and harmonious), Conscientiousness (tendency to plan for the long term, self-discipline, and diligence). The Big 5 are broad personality dimensions that can be used to describe personality differences across cultures. Historically, similar five factors have been found repeatedly in different data sets (overview: John et al., 2008), so they can all be interpreted as Big 5 and a five-factor structure can be considered very robust. The Big 5 is the best known and most widely used trait taxonomy in personality research. The Big 5 allow psychology to have a common language for naming and communicating about basic personality dimensions. Therefore, they have an integrating and guiding effect on the field, which now has numerous studies on the predictive power, transcultural equivalence, stability over time, and development across the life span of the Big 5.

Rauthmann, J. (2016). Fünf Faktoren Modell. Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie

Soto, C. J., & John, O. P. (2017). The next Big Five Inventory (BFI-2): Developing and assessing a hierarchical model with 15 facets to enhance bandwidth, fidelity, and predictive power. Journal of personality and social psychology, 113(1), 117.

Openness

Openness is one of the personality traits of the Big 5 personality model. It is defined by an outspoken nature and unreserved honesty.Characteristic of a high trait in Openness are a wide range of interests, curiosity about dealing with complex issues, and creativity in developing new ideas. Low levels of openness are characterised by a pragmatic focus, a consistency of ideas and a preference for routine with little interest in abstract or imaginative thought.

Conscientiousness

Conscientiousness is one of the personality traits of the Big 5 personality model. It is defined by following socially prescribed norms for impulse control and by behaving in a purposeful, planned, and well-structured manner. Characteristic of a high expression in Conscientiousness are an efficient, consistent way of working, a preference for neatness and order, and reliable consistency. Characteristic of low Conscientiousness are a comfortable leisureliness with a tendency to procrastinate, a high tolerance for chaos, and a tendency to be erratic, which may be accompanied by recklessness or irresponsibility.

Extraversion

Extraversion is one of the personality traits of the Big 5 personality model. It is defined as a mental attitude characterized by concentration of interests on external objects. Introversion is understood as the opposite of extraversion. People with an introverted nature tend to concentrate their interest away from the outside world and toward inner-soul processes. Characteristic of a high level of extraversion is an energetic, enthusiastic drive, a high degree of assertiveness with a tendency to take the lead, and a high level of sociability and talkativeness. Characteristic of a low expression in extraversion is a less enterprising, with enthusiasm restrained nature, the tendency to adaptability in groups and a quiet reclusiveness.

Agreeableness

Agreeableness is one of the personality traits of the Big 5 personality model. It is defined by a sense of community, a willingness to cooperate and identify with others. Characteristic of a high expression in Agreeableness are a respectful, courteous politeness, a tendency to be empathetic, warm-hearted, helpful, and selfless in compassion, and a tendency to be indulgent and trusting of others. Characteristic of low levels of agreeableness are directness, which can come across as brusque and rude, a tendency to detachment and indifference, and emotional detachment, which can lead to mistrust and frequent criticism.

Emotional stability

Emotional stability is one of the personality traits of the Big 5 personality model. Emotional stability and emotional lability are two human patterns of dealing with emotions. For a person with a stable emotional system, only a high level of activation will cause them to react emotionally. For a person with an unstable emotional system, even a low level of activation causes them to react emotionally, their emotions "boil over" quickly. People who tend to react emotionally quickly also take longer to recover from the emotional outburst. In contrast, people who only experience an emotional outburst in response to very strong stimuli recover much more quickly. Characteristic of a high expression in Emotional Stability are a secure, calm composure, a self-assured, contented confidence, and a balanced relaxedness that is accompanied by a controlled communication of feelings. Characteristic of a low level of Emotional Stability are anxiety, which is characterized by tension and worry, a tendency to joyless dejection, and volatility of feelings, which is accompanied by irritability and moody, fluctuating moods.

Soft Facts

There is no precise definition of Soft Facts in the scientific literature (yet). We refer to everything that makes up a person - hard facts (professional competencies), soft skills (methodological competence, social competence, personal characteristics, etc.) - as well as the result that emerges from group dynamic processes as soft facts. This outcome includes personal experience, trust, responsibility, communication, mindfulness, resilience, motivation, emotional intelligence, self-efficiency, proactivity and learning. By looking at these dynamic processes that occur in the social context between people, it is possible to make Soft Facts measurable - just like hard facts.

Greiser, C., Martini, J., Stephan, L., Tamdjidi, C. (2020) Tap Your Company's Collective Intelligence With Mindfulness. Boston Consulting Group x Awaris

https://wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de/definition/harte-und-weiche-faktoren

https://wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de/definition/soft-skills

https://dorsch.hogrefe.com





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Personality
Concrete exercises for further development
360° Personality Feedback
Continuous status measurement of all soft facts, satisfaction and performance
Roles
Values
Ways of Working
Motives
Responsibility
Resilience
Motivation
Self-efficacy
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Personality

You will gain insights into your personality and find out what gives you energy and what comes easily to you. For each of the 5 dimensions - Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Emotional Stability - you will receive specific exercises that you can use to further develop your potential every day.

Roles

Recognize your role tendencies and how they affect your behavior.

Ways of Working

Define your working methods so that you and your team can establish a common basis for collaboration.

Responsibility

Determine your level of responsibility and use our exercises to develop your skills in this area.

Motivation

Learn what motivates you and how you can actively increase your motivation.

Mindfulness

Find out how mindful you currently are and work your way towards a more mindful life step by step - for a better self-image, more resilience and a clearer focus.

Emotional intelligence

By dealing with your emotional intelligence, you learn to take its informative and interpersonal added value into account in your actions. We show you ways in which you can increase it.

Proactivity

Learn how you can actively influence future events in a positive way and use our exercises to improve in this soft fact.

Team Analysis

Capture the status quo of your team and everything about team dynamics in the soft facts: Personality, values, roles and working methods.

360° Feedback

Personality-Feedback: Get feedback on your personality from your colleagues and compare your own perception with that of others.
Roles-Feedback: Extend your personality feedback to include feedback on your roles in the Ambassador Plan.

Values

Determine your values and define for yourself what this means for your behavior and decisions.

Motives

Understand what drives you and learn how to consciously use your motives to achieve your goals.

Resilience

Resilience is the ability to withstand, i.e. the inner strength to overcome crises. Discover how resilient you are and learn how you can increase your resilience.

Self-efficacy

A high expectation of self-efficacy brings you more stamina, more successes and fewer negative moments. We show you how you can increase your self-efficacy.

Trust

Understand how much trust you already have in yourself and others and how you can build on your trust.

Communication

With our various exercises you can improve your communication and thus improve your interpersonal relationships.

Learning

Engage in soft fact learning and expand your scope of experience and behavior.

Team Development

The start is the potential analysis - it defines your team's greatest development potential. Together you will be guided through the soft facts of trust, resilience, mindfulness, motivation, communication, self-efficacy, learning, proactivity, responsibility and emotional intelligence. In addition to tasks that all team members solve on their own, there is a team session at the end of each module. The development enables continuous measurement of the performance and satisfaction of the entire team.

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FAQs

Who, how, what? Maybe we can answer one or the other question for you

How do I get started?

When you sign up, you automatically have the Free Membership and can look around the platform, do your personality analysis as well as use the 360° personality feedback to get to know yourself better.

What is included in the Free Membership?

You can take your Personality Analysis and get feedback from colleagues, both qualitatively and quantitatively. You can also use our soft.factionary to look up (scientific) terms. Aside from that, you can create a team and invite colleagues to join soft.fact.

Is Ambassador Membership only suitable for teams?

No, definitely not. When you use Ambassador Memberships as an individual, you benefit primarily from the analysis and insights you gain from all your soft facts. These include: Roles, Values, Ways of Working and Motive Structure. You will receive reflection tips and recommendations for action from us, which will help you to directly apply what you have learned. You can also expand your feedback to include your roles, which lets you know what role tendencies others see you in. If you want to explore all this at the next level and with your team, you can always create a team and invite your colleagues to join.

What memberships are available?

In the Memberships we currently have a free version (Free), a one-time payment variant (Soft Facts Check) and a full version (Ambassador). The Ambassador Memberships are available on a monthly and annual basis.

Can I change monthly memberships to annual memberships?

You can do this at any time. Your current plan will then run until the end of the monthly term and will automatically transfer to the annual memberships.

My team is growing - can I adjust the team size easily?

You can add new team members to the team at any time. The new team member automatically has a Free-Membership. As an organization owner, you can customize and manage the memberships of your team members afterwards.

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